Shared Stakes, Shared Responsibility: Strengthening Environmental and Social Safeguards in China–Indonesia Investment Cooperation assesses how China’s growing investments in Indonesia’s energy and transition minerals sectors can serve as a platform for advancing stronger environmental and social protections. It identifies key policy and regulatory gaps on both sides and explores opportunities for Indonesia and China to work together to align investment practices with higher environmental and social standards, ensuring long-term benefits for communities, ecosystems, and economies.
